What is considered as "directory information" under FERPA?

Directory information under FERPA refers to specific types of information that can be released without prior consent from the student, provided that the institution has designated such information as directory information. This typically includes details that are not harmful or invasive if disclosed, such as a student's name, address, telephone number, email address, major, dates of attendance, and degrees awarded.

The reason this answer is correct is that it accurately captures the broad range of information that can be classified as directory information, which is meant to include identifiable information that could be useful for various purposes, such as confirming student status or facilitating communication. Institutions often provide students with the opportunity to opt-out of having their directory information disclosed publicly, reflecting the protection that FERPA aims to provide regarding more sensitive information.

The other options present different categories of information that are not aligned with the definition of directory information. For example, harmful information or sensitive topics like academic performance and financial aid typically require more stringent protections and cannot be disclosed without consent. This distinction emphasizes the purpose of directory information as being non-sensitive and generally available for legitimate educational purposes.