What qualifies as a student record under FERPA?

Under FERPA, student records encompass a broad range of information maintained by educational institutions. This includes any record that is directly related to a student and is maintained by the institution or a party acting for the institution. The definition is not limited to grades and transcripts; it also includes a variety of other records such as enrollment information, disciplinary records, and financial information. Essentially, any documentation that aids in the educational progress or administrative status of the student falls under the category of student records according to FERPA guidelines.

The other options are too narrow in their scope. They either limit the types of records seen under FERPA or refer to specific formats or categories that do not fully capture the comprehensive nature of what is considered a student record. Hence, the correct understanding aligns with the broad definition as outlined in FERPA, making any record that the institution is required to maintain applicable.